الفعل المورثي و تحديد كمية الجينات السائدة و المتنحية في الحنطة (Triticum aestivum L.)‎

الملخص EN

Nine cultivars of wheat and its reciprocal crosses with un verse by RCBD design with three replicates to estimate some genetic parameters to know the nature genetic action by Hayman (1954) method and to estimate ratio of dominant and recessive genes in every parent.

Analysis of variance of genotypes was showed significantly differences between them and the additive, dominance genetic components were significant for all the traits, and the value of dominant genetic variance was more important from the additive for all the traits, the average degree of dominance increased on one for all traits, which caused over dominance, and KD/KR value increased on one for all the traits which refers to increasing in dominance genes in the parents, and values of pq were less than (0.25) for all the traits, while (h2) was significant in number of spike/ plant, biological yield and number of grains per spike, and the expected genetic advance as a percentage was moderate for biological yield, , and was lower for other traits.

It was shown from the sequence of parents according to their means and degree of dominance, that parent (1 - 25) was higher in grains of spike.

the parents 1 – 25 and AL-Rashed were parent among situates in one part for content from (75-100% ) from dominance genes in for most studied characters.

Key words: Wheat varieties, Genetic Action, Dominant and Recessive Genes.