تاريخ و تطور شركات الحلج و كبس القطن في مصر و ما يتبعها من أنشطة 1894- 1952 م : تأسيسها-نشاطها-الإدارة و عناصرها : دراسة وثائقية

الملخص EN

The research briefly reviews the history and development of cotton gin and pressing companies in of cotton companies were established in Egypt, and its establishment came as an urgent Egypt and their activities in the period from 1894 to 1952.

Many of the ginning, pressing and refining necessity to keep pace with the cultivation of cotton that began in the era of the Governor Muhammad Ali Pasha.

Gins were necessary for scooping the cotton by separating its seed from its bristles, and consequently, for the subsequent refining of the cotton and compressing it in batches intended for shipment, for use in the textile factories and other multiple uses of cotton.

The uses of cotton seeds in getting oils and other industries were the beginning of these gins, which started with four gins established by Muhammad Ali Pasha.

The first of these was held in al-Qanater-al-Khayriyah and then followed by three others before they were successively increased simultaneously with the increasing of the cotton cultivated area and the increase in the demand of Egyptian cotton.

The increase in the number of gins occurred after the British occupation and the urgent activities that followed it until 1952.

Cotton gins were set up in parallel with the establishment and beginning of the textile industry, that began to evolve from manual looms to spindles and mechanical looms; the same development that accompanied the ginning and compressing of cotton.

The ginning of cotton started initially in a laborious process that consumed a lot of labor, time and effort.

This was accompanied with improvements and developments in the manufacture of ginning racks that used bulls in operating and rotating them.

This lasted until developed gin was used ; a gin which became powered by diesel and electricity up to 1952.

This study addresses a number of the main axes represented in the pillars of cotton ginning and pressing industry, without which it would not have existed and spread in Egypt, especially, and in the world, generally.

In addition, it deals with establishing ginning and pressing cotton companies that were established during the period covered by the study.

The study also tackles the most important activities of these gins, and finally, the contribution of these capital Companies in supporting the Egyptian economy.