أوجه استخدام "ألا" المفتوحة المخففة في العربية

الملخص EN

" that denotes negation of the genus something which creates a new semantic meaning of "Ala" the light accusative.

This research tackles five meanings of "ala" in five chapters.

The first chapter is about wishing where Sibawayh stated that "la" denoting negation of the genus when added to the interrogative Hamzah its meaning turned to show wishing and what came after "ala" was accusative caused by an omitted verb that implicitly mean "I wish".

Moreover، "la" has no predicate.

Such view had aroused controversy in between scholars since some of them believed that Sibawayh's view was correct; Ibn Wallad، Al- Jurmy and Ibn Asfour belonged to this group as stated by the author of Al-Moghny whereas Al-Mazini disagreed with him and gave a counter example; "No man is better than you" - where he favored the nominative case.

Al-Mubred agreed with this view and a great deal of Arab Scholars such as Ibn Malek followed him.

Ibn Malek stated that if "la" is added to an interrogative Hamza، "la" still keeps its prior effect before joining the Hamza.

Through adding to the noun object of "la" in the three known forms; accusative، nominative or agentive.

All the scholars who followed Al-Mazini agreed with him.

This research accepts Al-Mazini's view because it goes with all what language has identified.

The second chapter handles presentation and incitement; presentation is a mind simple speech while incitement includes urging and agitation and the arguments that had taken place in between scholars are mentioned in this chapter.

The third chapter tackles "la" when added to the interrogative Hamza.

In response to Asy-Syalubain، it is not common to ask about negatives in Arabic.

The fourth chapter deals with the meaning of warning and that "ala" includes that meaning and can be added to the nominal statement as well as the verbal statement and it has no function in other sentences.

The fifth chapter handles "ala" in the context of the following line by the poet Hassan Ibn Thabet "No stabbing، no raiding knights" which shows rebuke and denial.

The conclusion sums up the most important results.