المواقف الإقليمية و الدولية من الأزمة السورية و انعكاساتها على حقوق الإنسان للاجئين السوريين

Abstract EN

The Syrian crisis considers as one of the most severe humanitarian crises of the first decade of the 21st century.

There were Similar crises occurring in the twentieth century, such as the German refugees crisis in World War II and the Palestinian refugees crisis.

The greatest human suffering is appearing in the cases of displacement and asylum which refer to the forced population movement from the place of stability to other places, and their lives are threatening, such as death due to wars or confrontations between the conflicting parties, hunger, diseases, epidemics and other suffering.

The prolonged conflict and the dangers of displacement or asylum have increased human suffering.

This is just like the suffering of the Palestinians who have been suffering in Palestine for more than half a century since 1948, or as Iraq has met wars, disasters and embargo since 1980.

The successive international crises in the world have played a role in the development of international humanitarian law and the expansion of its concerns to include displaced civilians and refugees escaping from the dangers of war and persecution.

The legislation is adopted by international and regional organizations on the issue of refugees or displaced persons that has not reached the obligation of States to abide and punish States or political regimes that do not comply with articles.

With regard to the case of refugees do not jostle and contend with the issue of the national sovereignty of the State on its territory.

Therefore, it is such optional commitment based on the consent of those states to enter displaced persons or refugees to their territory.

There is a fundamental difference between the term displacement and asylum, if the population movement within the borders of one country is called displacement, and if the population is forced to leave the country and cross its political borders to other countries it is called asylum.

Such country may face some disasters or crises Such as civil wars and others, then there will be displacement and asylum at the same time, or people are forced to move first to safe places inside the country and then when the threat expands horizontally, they have to resort, and this is what happened in Syria since the crisis erupted on 15, March, 2011.

Statistics indicate that The number of refugees inside Syria is 7.6 million, and the number of refugees exceeds 5 million.

In other words, the Syrian crisis caused the suffering of about half of Syria's population between displaced and refugees, as well as the civilian casualties who were killed or trapped in the battlefields or who have no ability to escape away from the dangers of war.

Addressing the issue of displacement or asylum and trying to alleviate the suffering of displaced persons or refugees is based on two main dimensions: the legal dimension of the legislation has established by the international organizations and regional organizations such as the UNHCR and others mentioned, and the other dimension is the basic dimension of The regional and international powers are united towards the crises that occur in any of the countries of the world.

The regional positions have been divided from the Syrian crisis to two parts as well, one part that supports the political system and represented by Iran, Russia and some other regional powers, Armed opposition and represented most of the Arab Gulf states and the United States of America, which raised the slogan of the need to remove and drop the political system in Syria even before the outbreak of demonstrations in Syria any year before 2011 years, all of those political reasons have caused great suffering of the Syrian civilians and those suffering remain..