النشاط الاقتصادي في مدينة بلخ منذ الفتح الإسلامي حتى الغزو المغولي

الملخص EN

This research deals with the economic activity in the city of Balkh since the Islamic conquest until the Mongol invasion.

The importance of this research aims to shed light on the economic activity in this city، which is known for its wide economic activity and its abundance of goods such as gold، brocade and silk، as well as its richness، diversity of crops، Which is located between the province of Khorasan and the countries beyond the river and this city was a link between different civilizations، and increase this economic importance after the Muslims opened the city in the succession of Osman ibn Affan (Reza)، where the city has become of an Islamic nature In the year 30 AH / AD 650 AD، it was divided by periods of control by some of the Islamic kingdoms until it was destroyed by the Mongols at the start of their sweeping attacks on the lands of Islam in the era of Genghis Khan، in the year 618 AH / 1221 AD.

However، this study has identified critical periods of this city's impact on the economic activity in the city and the destruction of agricultural land، but this city always exceed these crises after a short period to re-economic activity، although these circumstances may have prevented them from taking a greater place In economic affairs.

As for the economic conditions in the city of Balkh in the Mongol era، the study pointed to the ugly crimes committed by the Mongols against their Muslim population، which was motivated financially in the first place by the refusal of the inhabitants of this country to pay the large royalties imposed by these invaders، killing thousands of Balkans