اللغة بين السفسطة و الفلسفة

الملخص EN

Since the ancient times, there were two faces of language; one might be called the “the art of speech” and the other is “thought discourse”.

The first face doesn't mean “literature” as it is defined by Foucault as a new word in western culture due to the behaviors of philosophers toward the act of speech as they adopted the language as a goal rather than a tool.

Thus, this critical position of philosophers was an obstacle, at that time, to the emergence of a science that is now known as (linguistics); in which it delves into the depth of speech as a subject, and leaves the knowledge to be analyzed.

This view results a delay of the emergence of many linguistic trends such as Pragmatics, the theory of acts of speech and speech analysis etc.

Accordingly, the emergence of most of these trends by the modern philosophers is a reaction of what the fathers of Western philosophy committed, when they considered the art of teaching and studying languages useless sophistication.

The study aims to assign the prominent role of sophistication in referring the language from a physical entity to speech as become a communication tool without roles except its emphasized presence compared to its representations of thought and its constant pursuit of the will and construct the truth.

Thus, with sophistication, the language has no more than to turn around, as if its discourse can no longer survive except by revealing its arts and formations.