مدينة بلد (أسكي موصل)‎ من خلال كتابات البلدانيين و الجغرافيين و الرحالة : دراسة تحقيقية تاريخية و آثارية

Abstract EN

Balad had a historical and civilized role across different periods since the Assyrian periods.

The archeological explorations date back to 4500 B.

C.

and they continued till the Islamic periods whose civilized signposts became very clear in this period.

The religious events and stories like the story of Nabi Younis made Balad a spiritual and intellectual place which occupies a special status for peoples in different times.

Perhaps the reason may be ascribed to the Assyrians' concern about this city for it was the source of many materials like stones to make statues of religious symbolism.

The city kept its religious significance in the following periods till the Islamic periods when it was considered as a bode and rest house for caliphs and notable men.

This made it a destination for urbanists, geographers and travelers to visit it and to see its great landscapes.

They decorated their books with its places through designing its place on the maps and they also described its varied buildings such as mansions, mosques, markets, inns and windmills in addition to its famous bridge and the routes which connected it with other provinces and cities.

They also talked about what was famous in the city such as the agricultural and animal production.

It produced different daily industries, especially the metal industries.

They mentioned numerous categories of the agricultural and animal materials and the metal industries.

In addition, the city was sometimes adopted as a center of rule and a house for minting coins.

This is all what the writers mentioned in different periods that extended over five centuries.

Much of what has been mentioned is a fact which we have reached at in this research.

The excavations revealed this fact, which started from the beginning of the 1990s and continued about a decade.

The excavations showed much of this information like the different buildings mentioned earlier in addition to artistic elements that decorated these buildings, not to forget the materials which were used in making furniture, clips, nails, metals, and marble pieces which are a part of decorated aspects.

Also, references affirm that the city was a destination for tradesmen, students, ascetics and a bode for rules and a place for recreation.

This is what we conclude through its buildings and its distinctive location over Tigris, its civilized status and the strategic location which is considered a link for most of provinces and cities which some used to fix its location in their maps of these provinces.