العلاقة بين أسعار النفط العالمية و بنية الناتج المحلي الإجمالي في العراق

الملخص EN

The oil sector has an important role in the Iraqi economy represented by its main revenues from this sector where oil exports account for about 96% of the total exports as well as its impact on all macroeconomic variables including national income, GDP, foreign trade, And identification of trends of economic development.

Internal and external factors depend on fluctuations in international oil prices, as well as unexpected factors such as external shocks and the impact of security fluctuations in the world, both regional and global.

"Oil exports play an important role in the structure of foreign trade in oil developing countries, including Iraq, which faces many challenges hindering the process of economic development, namely the lack of investment capital and the lack of domestic savings.

The oil sector contributes significantly to address the problem of lack of funding and cover public expenditure requirements.

To examine the impact of oil exports as an important commodity within the economic sectors in the developing countries where oil is available and a large percentage of GDP and its role in the formulation of economic policy in the country The research starts from the assumption that the fluctuations in international oil prices have a negative impact on the GDP in Iraq, because of the dependence of the Iraqi economy on oil exports and the revenues of which a large proportion of financing the requirements of the general budget of operations and investment.

The main characteristic of GDP is its instability with the instability of crude oil prices.

Its increase is linked to the economic developments of the oil countries and the low vulnerability of the stability of the GDP when the oil prices are falling, in addition to the decline in the economic diversification of these countries.

The Iraqi economy witnessed stagnation in most economic activities for the period 2015-2016 due to security operations and external economic challenges.

Because of the sharp decline in world oil prices, the Iraqi economy faced a challenge and a slight economic crisis resulting from its reliance on oil as a main source of public revenues and financing.

General budget.

key words /1.

The oil sector and the oil policy in Iraq included (historical look at the reality of the oil sector in Iraq / demand and global supply of oil / reality of crude oil prices in the world market / volume of international oil reserves) 2.

The impact of the volatility of international oil prices on the gross domestic product in Iraq Including the economic growth in Iraq in light of the changes in the world oil markets / the contribution of the oil sector in the GDP in Iraq in light of developments in the world oil markets / the main challenges to the reality of investment and orptive capacity in Iraq).