لعبة الكرة بين الأصول و التطور و الآثار بمصر و بلاد الشام في العصر المملوكي (648-923 ه-1250-1517 م)‎

Abstract EN

The Mamluk sultans in Egypt and the levant were interested in the game of ball, despite its many names because it was linked to other means such as the scepter that was used to roll it, and it was also associated with equestrian, and it was one of the symbols of prestige for what is required in its players to be able in the equestrian sport, and courage, which is what is required, except strength.

this game was primarily royal and royal ; rather, its development was supervised by the Mamluk sultans themselves, which made this game restricted to the elite and their guests, from the delegations that reach their palaces.

the game of ball is old, but it is new, with the desire of the Mamluk sultans to highlight their prestige and greatness in front of the parish and their visitors, which was positively reflected on the preparation of its own squares, and the interest in decorating the urban surroundings and the care of preparing processions with costumes and equipment (for players and horses), and the enactment of decrees, given that playing places necessarily requires aesthetic preparation, which necessitated the inclusion of this game as one of the important elements in the state's budget plan, as it called for attention to the physical health of its practitioners, which was reflected in the medical specialization.

what is new about this game in the Mamluk era (648 AH-1250 AD / 923 AH-1517 AD), with its two parts (al-Bahri and al-Burji) ? , and what are the effects of playing it on the state and the individual? .