دراسة اقتصادية عن إمكانية زيادة إنتاجية الأرز المصري باستخدام الإشعاع

Abstract EN

The Egyptian rice production is estimated at 5801.2 thousand tons while the consumption is 3553.8 thousand tons.

The feddan yield is about 4447.4 pounds.

The Egyptian export price for rice is estimated at 393 dollars while the world price of rice is about 441 dollars / ton for the average period (2012-2016)The irradiation technology of food has an interest in all parts of the world because it is one of the most important and the most promising ways to develop food sources so that enough food is available to cope with the population increase suffered by Egypt.

The problem of research is that although there is a great opportunity to increase the production of rice, but the limited water in egypt is a stumbling block and this led to a shrinking of cultivated area, which in turn leads to dependence on foreign markets to obtain food needs, which negatively affects the balance of Egyptian agricultural trade, Despite the importance of irradiation in increasing the production of food crops such as rice, there is concern and reluctance in Egypt to use it at the national level and to apply its research.The study was based on published and unpublished data from government agencies such as the Ministry of Agriculture and the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics.

The descriptive and quantitative analysis methods were used to analyze the data and achieve the objectives of the study using statistical and economic methods as simple regression analysis method and stepwise regression with linear form , The study of the production function indicates that increasing the yield of the farms encourages the improvement and increase of production.

The lower the export price of Egyptian rice for the price of the global export of rice will lead to an increase in the quantity of Egyptian exports from rice, As for increasing the amount of water above the normal rate, it is often one of the most important factors affecting the productivity of rice.Therefore, it is important to ensure that the quantity of water is appropriate and suitable for using modern technologies in settling the soil so that a large quantity of water can be provided, as well as studying soil quality , It is preferable to cultivate varieties that are low in water consumption and the short duration of soil yield (cultivating early maturing varieties) While cultivars were newly developed, the cultivated area tended to decrease In the most important categories Giza 177, Sakha 101, Sakha 102 at an annual rate of -1.84%, -1.35%, -7.56% of the average area during the period (1998-2016).

In contrast, the amount of water consumed per feddan decreases by -1.36% -1.39%, -0.65% for the same items, respectively, either the item Giza 178 the area increased by 2.21% compared to the decrease in the amount consumed of water per feddan by -1.22%, as the amount consumed of water per feddan tends to decrease in these varieties Therefore, the cultivated area should be increased so that water can be supplied under current conditions In the field of irradiation, it was found that the treatment of the newly derived local cultivars, Sakha 101, Sakha 103, and Giza 187, and the maximum increase in the plant yield due to gamma rays treatment in the treatment (300 Gy) was about 33.6% The results showed that the use of irradiation in the former rice varieties leads to an increase in the quantity produced by about 727.2 thousand tons with an estimated value of about 1649.4 thousand pounds at the national level .The study of mutations showed that using Egy22, Egy3, Egy24, Sakha 101, Sakha 102, Sakha 103 resulted in an increase in production of about 12.65%, 9.82% and 6.20% for each of the previous varieties.The results showed that irradiation in rice mutations Leads to an increase in the value of production by an estimated value of 764.8 thousand pounds at the national level.

Studies confirm the importance of using irradiation to save about 500 cubic meters of water per feddan.

Therefore, it is recommended to cultivate newlygrown and early-ripened rice varieties with the use of laser-leveling technology to rationalize rice irrigation water while at the same time paying attention to low-cost irradiation technology to increase rice production.