دراسة تلافي الآثار الضارة لملح كلوريد الصوديوم في نمو و إنتاج الفلفل الحار (Capsicum annum L. )‎باستخدام نترات الكالسيوم و الجبريللن

Abstract EN

This experiment was conducted on hot pepper {Capsicum armuum L.) cv."Viavolo" in a plastic house at College of Agriculture/- Al-Qadisiya University during the period from 5 / 10 / 2008 to 1 / 4 / 2009.

Seeds were sown in Jiffy 7 pots and then transferred to pots containing mixture of silty soil plus peat moss.

After one month of transplanting, treatments were applied.

Two factors were used; the first one was the irrigation with NaCl at 0,2, and 4 mg / L, the second one was the spray factor with either 300 or 600 mg / L of Ca (N03) 2, spray with 400mg / L of GA, spray with the combination of the two concentrations of Ca (NOs) 2 plus GA.

The results showed that sodium chloride had negative effects in all vegetative and productivity characters measured especially at 4g / L concentration.

Spray with calcium nitrate especially at the higher concentration increased number of branches, leaf area, and roots dry matter.

Gibberellin treatment caused significant increase in vegetative characters.

All spray treatments caused significant increase in fruits number, average fruit weight and as a result, total yield in addition to improve chemical characters of fruits.

There was a continuous decline in nitrogen percent in leaves of control and sodium chloride treatments as growth progress, while gibberellin and calcium nitrate treatments showed pronounced increase in the percentage.

At vegetative stage of plant growth, phosphorus percentage reached its highest value at gibberellin treatment.

Spray with 600 mg / L of Ca (N03) 2 was the best treatment in causing continues increase in phosphorus percentage till the final stage of growth.

Sodium chloride treatments showed the least levels of potassium in plant leaves.

With regard to sodium content, plant irrigated with sodium chloride showed higher levels of sodium in leaves with the highest content at 4g / L treatment.

Sodium content in leaves increased as growth progress and as the frequency of irrigation with saline water increased.

Spray treatments showed less sodium content especially at 600 mg / L of Ca (N03) 2.

Fruit growth curve showed that sodium chloride treatments had negative effect on fruit length and diameter.

From these results, it can be concluded that spray with calcium nitrate or gibberellin or their combination has improved plant growth characters.