توصيف بعض أصناف التفاح المحلية في سورية باستخدام بعض المؤشرات الشكلية و الجزيئية

Abstract EN

Morphological and molecular characterization has been achieved for 5 local apple cultivars ("Sekkari 1", "Sekkari 2", "Shmamti", "Dershawi" and "Fatemi") in comparison with "Golden Delicious" and Malus communis.

All the studied cultivars showed clear morphological variations among them.

In addition, the chemical components of fruit showed significant differences in total sugars, total acidity and soluble solids percent.

Molecular characterization was achieved using RAPD and SSR markers.

15 RAPD primers out of 25 were useful to detect the polymorphism (74%) among the studied cultivars, while the 8 SSR primer pairs revealed high level of polymorphism (100%).

In the RAPD technique, the genetic similarity was between 0.47-0.82, while it was 0.11-0.67 in SSR technique.

On the other hand, cluster analysis of RAPD placed "Fatemi" in a separate cluster; and the dendrogram derived from SSR grouped "Golden Delicious" and "M.

communis" in another separate cluster.

The RAPD and SSR techniques characterized the studied cultivars with 37 unique bands and 8 unique alleles, respectively.

The correlation coefficient between SSR and morphological characterization was (r = 0.84), and between RAPD and morphological characterization was (r =0.79), while it was (r =0.74) between RAPD and SSR.