المتغيرات المؤثرة في تقييم الديمقراطية و مؤشراتها من وجهة نظر المواطنين الأردنيين

Abstract EN

The goals of this study were to identify respondents’ evaluation of democracy and its indicators in Jordan, awareness of their political rights and liberties, their evaluation of equality and justice, their ability of criticizing the government, and their participation in peaceful and oppositional activities.

However, the main objective of this study is to identify the effect of some socio-demographic variables on the evaluation of democracy in Jordan.

Descriptive statistics (percentages) and inferential statistics (simple and multiple linear regression) were used to analyze the data, which were colleoted from a random national sample by the Center for Strategic Studies, University of Jordan.

Also, two subjective measures of democracy soales were used as dependent variables: (1) democracy scale (0.00-10.00), and (2) democracy indicators soale (5- 20), which consisted of five variables.

Exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency reliability were used to construct the scale.

Descriptive statistics analyses revealed that there is a political awareness among Jordanian respondents regarding their rights and liberties.

They believe that democracy in Jordan is still in the middle of the road.

The majority of the respondents believe that opinion (58.2%) and press (57.9%) freedom are granted to a high and medium degree.

However, the majority of the respondents believe that disobedience (60.4%), demonstration (63.5%), and participation in political parties (50.1%) rights are not granted and granted to a low degree.

Also, the data revealed that the majority of respondents believe that the level of justice (59.8%) and equality (54.5%) were granted to a high and medium degree.

However, more than three quarters of the respondents oannot criticize the government (78.4%) and participate in peaceful and oppositional activities (78%) out of fears of the oonsequences.

Finally, the findings of this study revealed that female respondents,residents of the Southern Region, people who are not working (unemployed, students, and housewives), and less educated people appeared to score higher in their evaluation of democracy than males, residents of the Middle and Northern regions^ the employed< Jordanians of Palestinian origin, and highly educated people