نشأة الحسية في المشرق و تطورها حتى أوائل القرن السادس الهجري

Abstract EN

This study tries to investigate the beginnings and development of the Hisba during the first six centuries, A.

H.

It uses different sources: history works, relevant works on the Hisba, caliphal decrees to governors, and Fiqh, works.

Initially, from the days of the Prophet to the end of the Umayyads, market supervisors (amil, ala 1-suq) were appointed to supervise crafts, and industries, sales and transactions, and weights and measures, to prevent deceit, fraud, and cheating, and to safeguard consumers.

The Abbasids used the term Muhtasib, and developed his functions to take their proper dimensions and functions in the 3 rd-4(h/9,h-10lh cent.

By the 5th-6lh/l 1th- 12th cent, the functions of the Muhtasib were expanded in two respects: 1 - There were more details about his functions.

2- More authority was given to the Muhtasib with regard to governors, judges and rulers.

Still, the basic rule for the Hisba remained "to order the good and to forbid evil” which, ultimately, rendered the Muhtasib comprehensive authority for the good of society.