Comparative study between the performance of NF and RO membranes in desalination of saline water

Other Title(s)

دراسة مقارنة بين أداء النانو فلتر و التناضح العكسي في تحلية المياه شديدة الملوحة

Dissertant

Abu Asi, Diya Anwar Fahmi

Thesis advisor

Rabah, Fahd Khidr
al-Mughair, Yunus Khalil

Comitee Members

al-Najjar, Husam Muhammad
Abu Habib, Azzam Ahmad

University

Islamic University

Faculty

Faculty of Engineering

Department

Department of Civil Engineering

University Country

Palestine (Gaza Strip)

Degree

Master

Degree Date

2014

English Abstract

Gaza Strip suffers from scarcity of drinking water sources, Where groundwater is the main source of drinking water, as a result of the substantial increase in the number of population in the Gaza Strip led to the disruption of equilibrium.

So that a consumption rate of groundwater much bigger than the supply, which led to the poor quality of the water and lack of compatibility with the WHO standards for drinking water quality, both in the physical and chemical properties.

So several desalination plants set up, all of these stations used Reverse Osmosis (RO) membranes, which need large quantities of pressure which means the consumption of large amounts of energy, while the limited sources of energy had to be a search for techniques less energy-consuming.

This research aims to work a comparative study between (RO) membranes and Nanofiltration (NF) in terms of the ability to remove TDS and NO3, as well as the amount of water produced at each pressure, in the same conditions and energy consumption compared in each of these cases.

A small desalination unit was installed and used to compare two different types of membrane NF90-4040 Nanofiltration and TM-710 Reverses Osmosis membrane, where both types have been tested in the same conditions and using different types of water.

Three types of water were used ( aqueous solution, real brackish water and seawater ) were examined the effectiveness of each membrane by measuring the flux rate and rejection rate of TDS and NO3, the concentration of TDS in aqueous solution ranging from (4500 to 17000) ppm and the concentration of nitrates from (0 to 150 ) ppm, under different operating pressures ranging from (6 to 24) bar.

The results show that the productivity of NF membranes were more than that using RO membrane.

Results also showed the possibility of using NF membranes to product drinkable water agreed with WHO guideline when the feed water TDS concentration less than 9,281 ppm.

Also NF membranes can be used as pretreatment when the feed water TDS concentration more than 9,281 ppm also it can be used as pretreatment for desalinating sea water .

The results indicate that the efficiency of nitrate rejection affected overall concentration of feed water TDS concentration, as well as the nitrate rejection rate using NF membrane could be up to 95% while nitrate rejection rate using RO membrane may reach greater than 98 %, according to feed water TDS concentration and the pressure used.

Results indicated clearly that the use of NF membranes can provide a rate of 25 to 60% of energy compared with the use of RO membranes, according to feed water TDS concentration.

Main Subjects

Civil Engineering

Topics

No. of Pages

137

Table of Contents

Table of contents.

Abstract.

Abstract in Arabic.

Chapter One : Introduction.

Chapter Two : Literature review.

Chapter Three : Water situation and study area.

Chapter Four : Materials and methods.

Chapter Five : Result and discussion.

Chapter Six : Conclusion and recommendation.

References.

American Psychological Association (APA)

Abu Asi, Diya Anwar Fahmi. (2014). Comparative study between the performance of NF and RO membranes in desalination of saline water. (Master's theses Theses and Dissertations Master). Islamic University, Palestine (Gaza Strip)
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-530767

Modern Language Association (MLA)

Abu Asi, Diya Anwar Fahmi. Comparative study between the performance of NF and RO membranes in desalination of saline water. (Master's theses Theses and Dissertations Master). Islamic University. (2014).
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-530767

American Medical Association (AMA)

Abu Asi, Diya Anwar Fahmi. (2014). Comparative study between the performance of NF and RO membranes in desalination of saline water. (Master's theses Theses and Dissertations Master). Islamic University, Palestine (Gaza Strip)
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-530767

Language

English

Data Type

Arab Theses

Record ID

BIM-530767