الخصائص الطبيعية للمدينة المنورة و أثرها على أحداث غزوة الأحزاب

الملخص EN

The purpose of this study is to highlight the supporting role of the forces of nature to the human forces during the battle of al- Ahzab, or al- Khandaq, which the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) led in the fifth Hijri year in Madinah.

These natural forces included the topography of the area (mountains, hills and valleys) and the region’s geology and climate (winds and temperature).

These factors helped the Muslim army in digging the moat around the northwestern gate of the city.

They were also used to over watch and to fire on enemy lines hence giving the Muslim army considerable advantages.

The natural forces were equally used for logistical support and as fortified positions providing strategic depth away from enemy fire.

The Sala’a Mountain, for instance, served the dual purpose of being a safe haven for Muslim soldiers and a natural shield against the cold al- Saba (Eastern) winds, which decimated the enemy and ended the battle without a fight.

Major findings presented in the study emphasized the need to use the natural forces effectively on the battle ground to enhance the human forces.

The study also showed that sharing views on the optimal use of the physical features secured victory in battle.