اختيار العواصم الإسلامية : الأسباب و الدوافع

Abstract EN

Choosing a capital for any country or nation is a key factor in its organizational and economical composition.

It also gives an impression about its social status and political vision.

Most of the motives in choosing a capital for any country are usually unannounced.

Researchers have to study that and link it to previous and next events to fully understand the reasons for choosing the capital of any nation.

There were many states which ruled and led the Islamic nation world-wide or region-wide.

Each of these states had a new capital usually made by them and different from the states before them.

This process requires searching and studying from researchers for the motives of choosing the capital of any state.

It also needs to be analyzed to discover the common reasons in choosing a capital in these states.

For these reasons this study came to discuss the motives and to identify the common factors in choosing the capitals for the Islamic states.

As a result, the researcher chose four capitals as a selected sample for the main Islamic caliphates and countries.

These capitals are: Kufa, Damascus, Baghdad, and Cairo.

The researcher divided the paper into four major parts, and tried through that to study the advantages of these capitals in different areas.

These areas are : geography, strategy, military, politics, and economy.

The researcher ended the paper with a conclusion which discussed the main results.

Overall, the results show that the geographic factor is the most important reason in choosing a capital.

Self-sufficiency in economic and food supply was also essential in choosing a capital so the capital does not require any help or support in general.

The rulers did not ignore to choose a capital which is a center for their supporters or at least close to them.

So, it is clear that choosing the Islamic capitals was done with a lot of efforts and planning.

There were some basic features in choosing the capital which gave these states: political strength, and provided military, and economic importance to these states which allowed the capital to stay strong and thriving for long periods.

key words: Islamic history - Islamic capitals - Islamic civilization.