Investigation of the thermodynamic, kinetic and equilibrium parameters of batch biosorption of Pb (II)‎, Cu (II)‎, and Ni (II)‎ from aqueous phase using low cost biosorbent

Abstract EN

In this study, low cost biosorbent ̶inactive biomass (IB) granules (dp=0.433mm) taken from drying beds of Al-Rustomia Wastewater Treatment Plant, Baghdad-Iraq were used for investigating the optimum conditions of Pb(II), Cu(II), and Ni(II) biosorption from aqueous solutions.

Various physico-chemical parameters such as initial metal ion concentration (50 to 200 mg/l), equilibrium time (0-180 min), pH (2-9), agitation speed (50-200 rpm), particles size (0.433 mm), and adsorbent dosage (0.05-1 g/100 ml) were studied.

Six mathematical models describing the biosorption equilibrium and isotherm constants were tested to find the maximum uptake capacities: Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich–Peterson, Sips, Khan, and Toth models.

The best fit to the Pb(II) and Ni(II) biosorption results was obtained by Langmuir model with maximum uptake capacities of 52.76 and 36.97 mg/g for these two ions respectively.

While for Cu(II) the corresponding value was 38.07 mg/g obtained with Khan model.

The kinetic study demonstrated that the optimum agitation speed was 400 rpm, at which the best removal efficiency and/or minimum surface mass transfer resistance (MSMTR) was achieved.

A pseudosecond-order rate kinetic model gave the best fit to the experimental data (R 2 = 0.99), resulting in mass transfer coefficient values of 42.84×10−5, 1.57×10−5 , and 2.85×10−5 m/s for Pb(II), Cu(II), and Ni(II) respectively.

The thermodynamic study showed that the biosorption process was spontaneous and exothermic in nature