Estimation of some genetic parameters in bread wheat triticum aestivum l. for wasit and diwaniyya locations

Abstract EN

Nine cultivar of bread wheat (tamuwze1,tamuwze2, maksibak ,IPA95, IPA99, Latifia, Abograib and sham6) were used in this study to estimate some of the genetic parameters which were cultivated in two locations of Wasit and Diwaniyya in the fields of one of the farmers of each location during the winter farming season (2015).

Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with three replicates.

Plant height, tillers number per m2, number of grains per spike 1000 grain weight and total yield were studied.

The results revealed significant differences among genotypes for the studied traits at both locations.

The highest genetic variance of both locations was obtained of 17449.07 and 16471.29, respectively.

The highest percentage of genetic difference coefficient was observed for the tillers number per m2 (23.08% and 27.63% respectively) for Wasit and Diwaniyah locations, respectively.

High heritability estimates associated with a high genetic yield for the number of spike grains and weight of 1000 tablets for both locations.

Genetic correlation coefficients were higher than the correlations of the phenotypic correlations of both traits and both locations, This indicates that variation exists between genotypes due of genetic factors with little effects to the environment in spite of diversity of environments.

The highest direct effect of the plant height, the number of spike grains, and 1000 grain weight, which reached of (0.869, 0.610, 0.20), respectively for Wasit location, (1.704, 1.07, 0.804) for Diwaniyah location.

The path coefficient revealed that the direct selection of plant height, number of spike and 1000 grain weight would be effective in improving the bread wheat yield, particularly in Diwaniyah.