Effect of some bio-fertilizers on the yield and quality of three bread wheat cultivars under differed nitrogen levels

الملخص EN

The present study has been undertaken objectively in Kafr El-Herrawy Village, Zagazig district, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during two successive seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/ 2016 to disclose the effect of single and dual inoculation with Cerealine and Phosphorein as microbial inoculants on the yield and quality of three bread wheat cultivars under different nitrogen levels.

The two experiments were laid out in a split-split plot system with three bread wheat cultivars (Gemmeiza 11, Misr 1 and Giza 168) in the main plots, three nitrogen levels (40, 60 and 80 kg N/fad.) in sub-plots and bio-fertilizers (Check, Cerealine, Phosphorein each used at the rate of 500 grams/45 kg wheat grains/fad., and Cerealine + Phosphorein) in sub-sub plots.

The number of replicates being three.

The net sub-sub plot area was 3×4 m having fifteen rows of 20 cm apart and four meters long.The findings revealed that wheat cultivars, nitrogen levels and bio-fertilizer treatments gave marked changes in all the agronomic traits of wheat, since Gemmeiza 11 cultivar received 80 kg N/fad., and inoculated with the combined treatment of Cerealine + Phosphorein attaind greater mean averages in each of : plant height, flag leaf area efficiently, tillering index, spike length, number of fertile spikelets/spike, grain weight/spike, number of spikes/m2, 1000-grain weight, harvest index, the final yields/fad., from grain, straw, biomass and both grain carbohydrate and protein contents and the last protein yield/fad., if compared with the other two cultivars and the rest treatments.

However, Misr 1 cultivar was superior to the other tested cultivars regarding number of spikes /m2.

But, the reverse hold true as for relative photosynthetic potential of biological yield (RPP), since such character showed significant reduction due to the tested treatments and such trend was greatly true in both seasons and over them, too.

The interaction effect of the three factors reflected significant changes on the final wheat yield/fad., and it,s quality, where Gemmeiza 11cultivar was superlative as for grain, straw, biomass and protein due to treating it with 60 kg N level and inoculated with Cerealine + Phosphorein bio-fertilizers.

Also, the bio-fertilizers treatment of both Cerealine + Phosphorein detected its efficiency in reduced the adverse effects of mineral N and reduced the N level about 20 kg/fad., and such cultivar proved to be the more producer for the final yields/fad., and grains quality and more suitable the environmental conditions of Kafr El-Herrawy Village, Zagazig district, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.