tudy the efficacy of Fenugreek extract in reduction of biochemical and histopathological Changes, Induced by Long Term Administration of Saccharin in adult rats

الملخص EN

The protective effect of Fenugreek extract against Saccharin toxicity female rats was studied.

The experiment was carried out along 12 weeks on fifteen adult female albino rats were used in this study, the animals divided randomly in to fed three groups: control group , & two treatment groups .

group 1 was fed orally with saccharin administration of 100 mg /l of drinking water daily & group 11given was fed orally with saccharin administration of 100 mg /l of drinking water daily along with extract of trigonella foenum gracum of 250mg/kg by intragastric lavage.

The results revealed that saccharin provoked highly significant reduction in highly significant reduction in albumin ,total protein , phosphorus ,calcium.Results compared to control.

Group11 treated with trigonella extract showed increases of serum Calcium , total protein ,phosphor , albumin.

no significant differences(p<0.05) between treatments and control.

Activities of Alanine aminotranferease (ALT), and aminaspartate transferase (AST)) increased significantly following saccharin admistration to rats.

while trigonella foenum gracum extract lead to decrease ALT&AST level of serum enzyme .

In general, Alcoholic extract of trigonella foenum at dose 250 mg/kg able to reduce the effects of saccharin intake.

Microscopic examination of liver sections sho revealed congestion and large thrombus within the central vein, infiltration of inflammatory cells in the hepatic tissue.

Also there is extensive necrosis and dilation of sinusoids accompanied with haemorrhage ,while rats trigonella extract group showed , improvement in the hepatocytes exhibiting normal central vein with normal radiating appearance of hepatocytes around it, with cellular regeneration of hepatocytes and mild dilation of sinusoids.

kidney section in tissue of animals treated with saccharine , show extensive necrosis in both renal convoluted tubules and glomeruli ,also there is marked damage and desequemation of epithelial lining of renal tubules acompanied with proteinecious casts and deposition of hemosidrin pigment in the renal tissue .while animal treated with trigonella extract show regeneration of epithelial lining of renal convoluted tubules and the glomeruli have normal appearance with high cellularity , Also there is mild dilation and mild necrosis of renal tubules.

Animal treated with saccharine show severe destruction of intestinal villi and damage with desequemation of intestinal epithelium which lining villi, accompanied with scattered infiltration of inflammatory cells particularly neutrophils.

Trigonella extract show significant improvement in tissue of intestine there is mild necrosis and clear regeneration in the epithelial lining of intestine.There is depletion of white pulp (thick arrow) and proliferation of red pulp and deposition of amyloidal in saccharine group , there is no prominent changes in spleen treated with extract .