قياس و تحليل دالة الطلب على محصول القمح في العراق للمدة 2004-2018

Abstract EN

This study deals with as essential vital, strategic and economic subject which studies the demand of an important food crop, that is consumed by all the world, especially the third world including Iraq.

This study also investigates the problem of increasing the demand of wheat in Iraq because of growing population.

This increases level for several reasons, some of them are political, economies and the state resorts to import wheat from abroad to bridge that gap.

The importance of this study is that it tries to figure out the obstacles which led to reduced production of wheat in Iraq and the factors which influences it.

This study depends on a hypothesis that considers the equilibrium price of wheat is not subject to the laws of supply and demand because the price of wheat supported by the state within introducing the policy of minimum price.

And the amount of wheat specified by different variables, the study deals with some of them, namely.

The price of wheat and the price of barely and the level of per capita income.

This study gives outcomes which are consistent with the economic theory through the points: 1.

There is an inverse correlation between the price of wheat and the amount adverse because the reference of the price elasticity factor is negative and its value is less than 1 which is (-0.28).

This means that wheat is a necessary commodity and this is consistent with the economic theory.

This study showed that the price of wheat increased by one unit to decrease the required quantity by (0.28).

2.

The study also shows that the correlation between the wheat and barely is a commentary relationship since the value of elasticity factor is negative (-0.41).

Means that when the price of wheat increases by one unit, the demand for barley is reduced by (0.41).

3.

Income elastic demand was positive.

This indicates a positive correlation between the required quantity of wheat and per capita income.

Where the value of elasticity income factor is (+1.08) which means that when the income rises by one unit, the demand will rise by (1.08).

Through this study, the researcher reaches to an economic fact that rising of demand in wheat and the state guarantees, covering it up by using a specific pricing policies such as the policy of identifying the wheat purchase amount bought from a farmer and sold them to the citizen with discount fares (Ration Card System).

And because of the insufficient production additional cost to import it from a broad, this constitutes an economic burden that strains the state budget