100 Gy 60Co γ -Ray Induced Novel Mutations in Tetraploid Wheat

Abstract EN

10 accessions of tetraploid wheat were radiated with 100 Gy 60Co γ-ray.

The germination energy, germination rate, special characters (secondary tillering, stalk with wax powder, and dwarf), meiotic process, and high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) were observed.

Different species has different radiation sensibility.

With 1 seed germinated (5%), T.

dicoccum (PI434999) is the most sensitive to this dose of radiation.

With a seed germination rate of 35% and 40%, this dose also affected T.

polonicum (As304) and T.

carthlicum (As293).

Two mutant dwarf plants, T.

turgidum (As2255) 253-10 and T.

polonicum (As302) 224-14, were detected.

Abnormal chromosome pairings were observed in pollen mother cells of both T.

dicoccoides (As835) 237-9 and T.

dicoccoides (As838) 239-8 with HMW-GS 1Ax silent in seeds from them.

Compared with the unirradiated seed of T.

polonicum (As304) CK, a novel HMW-GS was detected in seed of T.

polonicum (As304) 230-7 and its electrophoretic mobility was between 1By8 and 1Dy12 which were the HMW-GSs of Chinese Spring.

These mutant materials would be resources for wheat breeding.