The Story of CD4+CD28− T Cells Revisited: Solved or Still Ongoing?
Joint Authors
Maly, Kathrin
Schirmer, Michael
Source
Journal of Immunology Research
Issue
Vol. 2015, Issue 2015 (31 Dec. 2015), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2015-03-05
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
CD4+CD28− T cells are a unique type of proinflammatory T cells characterised by blockade of costimulatory CD28 receptor expression at the transcriptional level, which is still reversible by IL-12.
In healthy individuals older than 65 years, these cells may accumulate to up to 50% of total CD4+ T lymphocytes as in many immune-mediated diseases, immunodeficiency, and specific infectious diseases.
Here we focus on CD4+CD28− T cells in chronic immune-mediated diseases, summarizing various phenotypic and functional characteristics, which vary depending on the underlying disease, disease activity, and concurrent treatment.
CD4+CD28− T cells present as effector/memory cells with increased replicative history and oligoclonality but reduced apoptosis.
As an alternative costimulatory signal instead of CD28, not only natural killer cell receptors and Toll-like receptors, but also CD47, CTLA-4, OX40, and 4-1BB have to be considered.
The proinflammatory and cytotoxic capacities of these cells indicate an involvement in progression and maintenance of chronic immune-mediated disease.
So far it has been shown that treatment with TNF-α blockers, abatacept, statins, and polyclonal antilymphocyte globulins (ATG) mediates reduction of the CD4+CD28− T cell level.
The clinical relevance of targeting CD4+CD28− T cells as a therapeutic option has not been examined so far.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Maly, Kathrin& Schirmer, Michael. 2015. The Story of CD4+CD28− T Cells Revisited: Solved or Still Ongoing?. Journal of Immunology Research،Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1068447
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Maly, Kathrin& Schirmer, Michael. The Story of CD4+CD28− T Cells Revisited: Solved or Still Ongoing?. Journal of Immunology Research No. 2015 (2015), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1068447
American Medical Association (AMA)
Maly, Kathrin& Schirmer, Michael. The Story of CD4+CD28− T Cells Revisited: Solved or Still Ongoing?. Journal of Immunology Research. 2015. Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1068447
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1068447