التوجيه الاقتصادي للموارد الزراعية من خلال تدنية الاحتياجات الإروائية

Abstract EN

The research problem is represented in the scarcity of resources, especially water resources and the inability of the available ones to meet the production of food needs in light of the steady population increase, which leads to an increase in imports to meet those needs, which in turn leads to a deficit in the Egyptian trade balance due to the increase in agricultural imports at rates that exceed the rates of increase in Agricultural exports and this represents an economic problem for the Egyptian economy in general and the agricultural economy in particular.

The objectives of the research were to find the best alternatives for the current crop composition, which would achieve the farmer's goal to achieve the maximum material return, and the state’s goal was to provide a measure of agricultural resources in general and water resource in particular.

By using the linear programming method, where three alternatives were made.

The first alternative is a crop composition that achieves a measure of food security, the second alternative is a crop composition that achieves a degree of red meat and poultry production, the third alternative is a crop composition that encourages exports and reduces imports.

It has been shown that the best proposed alternatives are in light of the goals that the farmer seeks to achieve, such as maximizing profit when practicing the productive activity, as well as achieving the state’s objectives by rationalizing the use of water resources, especially in light of the risks surrounding Egypt's share of the Nile water.

The third alternative has been chosen.

The proposed crop composition according to the reduction of irrigation needs, the encouragement of exports and the reduction of imports as the best proposed alternatives, as it achieves the greatest convergence between the viewpoints of the farmer and the state, as it achieves an increase in the net yield of the land area estimated at about 122 million pounds, at an increase rate of about 0.36% over its actual counterpart.

It also achieves the largest saving in water resources, estimated at about 1.22 billion m3, at a rate of about 3.6% less than its actual counterpart.

It also achieved a saving in nitrogen fertilizers, estimated at about 2 thousand tons, and also achieved an increase in the area of most crops in general and the crops that are being produced.

Importing them from abroad and fodder crops in particular, such as wheat, white maize and yellow corn, which contributes to reducing the import of these crops.

It also achieved an increase in the area of onions, winter tomatoes and some vegetable crops to encourage exports, which reduces the burden on the Egyptian trade balance.