الحديث المقلوب

Abstract EN

Summary The upside down Hadith is a Hadith in which another narrator has changed, or in which the word has changed, or the whole chain of transmission, or the whole wording of the text, or both.

The upside down hadith falls into three categories: The change in chain of transmission, The change in the wording of the taxt (Hathees) and the change in the chain of transmission and the wording of the
taxt
together.

The first category: The change in the chain of transmission: It is the substitution of the narrator with another narrator.

It occurs from the narrator by mistake or intentionally.

As for the mistake, no one is safe from it, even the most senior scholar.

Such as if one of the narrators changes the name of Kaab bin Murra with Murra bin Kaab, if he becomes a man by changing Another man, it does not constitute the authenticity of the narration if they are trustworthy or its weakness if they are weak.

As for whoever intentionally changes, it will be for strangers or for the test.

The first harm is great and its offense is great.

The change for the test, many scholars approved it.

It was done by senior imams, such as Shu'bah, Hammadbin Salamah, and Yahya bin Ma'in.

 Its benefit is to know whether or not the narrator has the determination.

The second category.

Of the upside down Hadith: The change in the body, It will be with the method, some of his wording turns on the narrator, and its meaning changes.

There are types: The first type: a change in one word.

The second: a change in the name inside the wording of the text.

The third: a change in the whole wording of the text.

The third category: The change in the chain of transmission and the wording of the text together.

Then I mentioned the ruling on the upside down hadith, and showed that its ruling differs according to cause to it and motive for it: If the change occurred from the narrator by mistake, then there is nothing against him.

If the change is repeated from him, that is evidence of his lack of determination.

If it was intentionally and intended to test, then it is permissible.

And if it was intentionally intended to stranger and entice then it is forbidden by the agreement of the scholars of Hadith.

The books classified in the upside down hadith: they are two books of al-Khatib al-Baghdadi and al-Khafiz Ibn Hajar Then I mentioned how the upside down hadith is known, and the benefits of Knowingit.