Immunological Aspects of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy
Joint Authors
Szczepanski, Miroslaw J.
Głuszko, Alicja
Mirza, Shafaq M.
Łacheta, Dominika
Miśkiewicz, Piotr
Nowicka, Grażyna
Struga, Maria
Kantor, Ireneusz
Poślednik, Krzysztof B.
Source
Issue
Vol. 2019, Issue 2019 (31 Dec. 2019), pp.1-12, 12 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2019-11-12
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
12
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
The body’s autoimmune process is involved in the development of Graves’ disease (GD), which is manifested by an overactive thyroid gland.
In some patients, autoreactive inflammatory reactions contribute to the development of symptoms such as thyroid ophthalmopathy, and the subsequent signs and symptoms are derived from the expansion of orbital adipose tissue and edema of extraocular muscles within the orbit.
The autoimmune process, production of antibodies against self-antigens such as TSH receptor (TSHR) and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), inflammatory infiltration, and accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) lead to edematous-infiltrative changes in periocular tissues.
As a consequence, edema exophthalmos develops.
Orbital fibroblasts seem to play a crucial role in orbital inflammation, tissue expansion, remodeling, and fibrosis because of their proliferative activity as well as their capacity to differentiate into adipocytes and myofibroblasts and production of GAG.
In this paper, based on the available medical literature, the immunological mechanism of GO pathogenesis has been summarized.
Particular attention was paid to the role of orbital fibroblasts and putative autoantigens.
A deeper understanding of the pathomechanism of the disease and the involvement of immunological processes may give rise to the introduction of new, effective, and safe methods of treatment or monitoring of the disease activity.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Łacheta, Dominika& Miśkiewicz, Piotr& Głuszko, Alicja& Nowicka, Grażyna& Struga, Maria& Kantor, Ireneusz…[et al.]. 2019. Immunological Aspects of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1127301
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Łacheta, Dominika…[et al.]. Immunological Aspects of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy. BioMed Research International No. 2019 (2019), pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1127301
American Medical Association (AMA)
Łacheta, Dominika& Miśkiewicz, Piotr& Głuszko, Alicja& Nowicka, Grażyna& Struga, Maria& Kantor, Ireneusz…[et al.]. Immunological Aspects of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy. BioMed Research International. 2019. Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1127301
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1127301