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Optimal Solubility of Diclofenac β-Cyclodextrin in Combination with Local Anaesthetics for Mesotherapy Applications
Joint Authors
Tringali, Giuseppe
Navarra, Pierluigi
Source
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Issue
Vol. 2017, Issue 2017 (31 Dec. 2017), pp.1-8, 8 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2017-04-10
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
8
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Because of low injection volume, the recently marketed injectable solution of diclofenac in complex with β-cyclodextrin (Akis®, IBSA Farmaceutici Italia) is an ideal candidate for mesotherapy applications.
In this study, we investigated the solubility of Akis, 25 and 50 mg/kg, in combination with various local anaesthetics (lidocaine, mepivacaine, bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, and ropivacaine) at different concentrations in aqueous vehicles (normal saline, sterile water, or bicarbonate).
Final injection mixtures were classified as limpid, turbid, or milky at visual analysis under standardized conditions.
We found that (i) the use of sterile water for injections or normal saline as vehicles to dilute Akis in combination with whatever local anaesthetic normally results in milky solutions and therefore is not recommended; (ii) using bicarbonate, optimal solubility was obtained combining Akis with lidocaine, both 1 and 2%, or mepivacaine, both 1 and 2%, whereas solutions were turbid in combination with bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, or ropivacaine.
Thus, we recommend that Akis is used in combination with lidocaine or mepivacaine in a bicarbonate vehicle.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Tringali, Giuseppe& Navarra, Pierluigi. 2017. Optimal Solubility of Diclofenac β-Cyclodextrin in Combination with Local Anaesthetics for Mesotherapy Applications. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine،Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1154722
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Tringali, Giuseppe& Navarra, Pierluigi. Optimal Solubility of Diclofenac β-Cyclodextrin in Combination with Local Anaesthetics for Mesotherapy Applications. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine No. 2017 (2017), pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1154722
American Medical Association (AMA)
Tringali, Giuseppe& Navarra, Pierluigi. Optimal Solubility of Diclofenac β-Cyclodextrin in Combination with Local Anaesthetics for Mesotherapy Applications. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2017. Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1154722
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1154722