القائد و الإمبراطور البيزنطي نقفور فوكاس و حملاته على بلاد المسلمين (344-359 ه-955-969 م)‎

Abstract EN

The aim of this research is the researcher's desire to show the effective role that the leader and the Byzantine emperor, Naqvor Phocas, played during his campaigns on Muslim countries, and the seizure of some Islamic cities and outposts, because most researchers did not direct their attention to this topic to the best of my knowledge.

The limits of the research are on the time period (344-359 AH / 955-969AD), which is the period in which Naqfur Fokas emerged, then assumed command of the Byzantine army in the East, then the throne of the Byzantine Empire during the period (352-358 AH / 963-969AD).

The researcher relied on the analytical method based on conclusion and analysis in extrapolating events He also relied on a group of Arab sources and references, some of which are of great and indispensable usefulness, and some of them are of secondary benefit.

The researcher reached several conclusions, including: The Naqfur Phukas showed his military ability while leading the first campaign he led against the Muslims to retrieve the island of Crete.

He succeeded in seizing the island in (350 AH / 961 AD).

It is the accession to the throne of the Byzantine Empire, and this is confirmed by the abandonment of the siege of Aleppo in (352 AH / 963AD) and the rush to Constantinople after he received a message from Theophano, wife of Emperor Romanos II (348-352 AH / 959963AD).

The research has proven the weakness of the Islamic world during this period.

He moved when Crete or even any of the Islamic cities fell, and he also proved that the Naqvur Focus campaigns on Muslim countries were a kind of Crusade, as it was driven by religious fanaticism towards Islam and Muslims.