ترجمة العهد الجديد من اليونانية إلى العربية في ضوء الاختلاف بين اللغتين

Abstract EN

The Greek language belongs to Indo-European family language, and the Arabic language belongs to the Afro-Asiatic family language, So there are many differences between these two languages, the contrastive analysis studies allowed us to recognize these differences clearly, and these differences will meet the translator from the one language to the other, and that what happened in the translation of The New Testament from Greek into Arabic.

This paper discusses the most famous Arabic translation which known by the title "Van Dyke Arabic Bible", and the common difference between Greek and Arabic in this translation as follows: 1- in interrogation, the Greek language uses οὐ when an affirmative answer is expected, andμή when a negative answer is expected, but the Arabic translation does not distinguish between the both.

2- some Greek verbs are followed by more than one case as a direct object (genitive and accusative like ἀκούω, dative and accusative like προσκυνέω).

and the meaning of the verb is changed according to the case which comes with it as a direct object, but the Arabic translation does not shows this change in the meaning of the verb.

And from the other different functions of the Greek cases, the Arabic translation is not always selects the suitable one.

3- The Arabic translation sometimes uses one than one Arabic word as a translation for many Greek synonyms like: βλέπω, ὁράω, θεάομαι, θεωρέω which were translated into Arabic by "I seeأنظر، أرى = ".

the Arabic translation is not always selects the suitable Synonym of the Greek word.

4-The Greek verb has morphological features not found in Arabic, like the subjunctive and optative Moods, the six tenses, the aorist imperative, the middle voice.

And the Arabic translation not always transfers these semantic functions of these features.

5- The Greek compound words sometimes were translated as uncompounded verbs.

6- the Greek Idioms sometimes were translated literally in Arabic.

7- the Greek uses The particles (οὐ μή) in combination augment the force of the negation, while it were always translated into Arabic in a simple negation.