Implementation and Evaluation of an Intervention for Children in Afghanistan at Risk for Substance Use or Actively Using Psychoactive Substances

Abstract EN

The present study examined the impact of a novel intervention for children at risk for substance use or actively using substances that was provided to 783 children between 4 and 18 years of age in Afghanistan.

They received the Child Intervention for Living Drug-free (CHILD) protocol while in outpatient or residential treatment.

CHILD included age-appropriate literacy and numeracy, drug education, basic living safety, and communication and trauma coping skills.

A battery of measures examined multiple child health domains at treatment’s start and end and 12 weeks later.

For younger children, there were no significant Gender or Gender X Time effects (all p’s > .16 and .35, resp.).

The time main effect was significant for all outcomes (all p’s < .00192, the prespecified per-comparison error rate).

Post hoc testing showed significant improvements from residential treatment entry to completion for all scales.

For older children, a time main effect was significant for (all p’s < .00192, the prespecified per-comparison error rate) all but one outcome.

Community follow-up means were significantly lower than residential treatment entry means.

CHILD had a positive impact on children, and treatment impact endured from posttreatment to follow-up assessment.