Chemical Characteristics of Precipitation in a Typical Urban Site of the Hinterland in Three Gorges Reservoir, China
Joint Authors
Zhang, Liuyi
Qiao, Baoqing
Wang, Huanbo
Tian, Mi
Cui, Jian
Fu, Chuan
Huang, Yimin
Yang, Fumo
Source
Issue
Vol. 2018, Issue 2018 (31 Dec. 2018), pp.1-10, 10 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2018-03-19
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
10
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Major water-soluble ions were analyzed for two-year precipitation samples in Wanzhou, a typical urban site of the hinterland of Chinese Three Gorges Reservoir.
The pH values of the precipitation were in the range of 4.0 to 8.3, and the volume-weighted mean (VWM) value was 5.0.
The concentration order of anions and cations was as follows: SO42->NO3->Cl->F- and NH4+>Ca2+>Na+>K+>Mg2+, respectively.
Good correlations were found between SO42- and NH4+, SO42- and Ca2+, NO3- and NH4+, and NO3- and Ca2+, implying their co-occurrence in the precipitation, most likely as (NH4)2SO4, (NH4)HSO4, NH4NO3, CaSO4, and Ca(NO3)2.
The sum of all measured ions was 416.4 μeq L−1, indicating serious air pollution in Wanzhou.
NH4+ and Ca2+ were the most important ions neutralizing the acidic compounds in the precipitation; their major sources included agricultural activity and crustal dust.
Local anthropogenic activities, for example, coal burning and traffic related sources, contributed most of SO42- and NO3-.
The equivalent concentration ratio of SO42-/NO3- was 4.5, indicating that excessive emission of sulfur was the main reason leading to the precipitation acidity in Wanzhou.
However, this ratio was lower than the ratio (5.9) in 2000s in Wanzhou, indicating that the contribution of nitric acid to the acidity of precipitation was strengthening.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Zhang, Liuyi& Qiao, Baoqing& Wang, Huanbo& Tian, Mi& Cui, Jian& Fu, Chuan…[et al.]. 2018. Chemical Characteristics of Precipitation in a Typical Urban Site of the Hinterland in Three Gorges Reservoir, China. Journal of Chemistry،Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1182226
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Zhang, Liuyi…[et al.]. Chemical Characteristics of Precipitation in a Typical Urban Site of the Hinterland in Three Gorges Reservoir, China. Journal of Chemistry No. 2018 (2018), pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1182226
American Medical Association (AMA)
Zhang, Liuyi& Qiao, Baoqing& Wang, Huanbo& Tian, Mi& Cui, Jian& Fu, Chuan…[et al.]. Chemical Characteristics of Precipitation in a Typical Urban Site of the Hinterland in Three Gorges Reservoir, China. Journal of Chemistry. 2018. Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1182226
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1182226