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Neuroinflammation and Myelin Status in Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Normal Aging Brains: A Small Sample Study
Joint Authors
Han, Fei
Perrin, Richard J.
Wang, Qing
Wang, Yong
Perlmutter, Joel S.
Morris, John C.
Benzinger, Tammie L. S.
Xu, Jinbin
Source
Issue
Vol. 2019, Issue 2019 (31 Dec. 2019), pp.1-12, 12 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2019-07-04
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
12
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Microglia and astrocytes play important roles in mediating the immune processes and nutritional support in the central nervous system (CNS).
Neuroinflammation has been indicated in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Chronic neuroinflammation with sustained activation of microglia and astrocytes may affect white matter tracts and disrupt communication between neurons.
Recent studies indicate astrogliosis may inhibit remyelination in demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis.
In this study, we investigated the relationship between neuroinflammation and myelin status in postmortem human brain tissue (n = 15 including 6 AD, 5 PD, and 4 age-matched, neurologically normal controls (NC)).
We conducted systematic and quantitative immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), amyloid beta, and highly phosphorylated tau (tauopathy).
White matter intactness was evaluated by myelin and axon staining in adjacent brain tissue sections.
Eight of 15 cases (4 AD, 3 PD, and 1 NC) showed increased immunoreactivity for microglia and astrocytes in the white matter that connects striatum and cortex.
Quantitative analysis of these 8 cases showed a significant negative correlation between GFAP (but not Iba-1) and myelin (but not axon) staining in white matter (r2 = 0.78, p<0.005).
Tau, but not amyloid beta plaques, is significantly higher in AD vs.
PD and NC.
Tau burden increases with age in AD cases.
These observations indicate that astrocytosis in white matter is associated with loss of myelin in AD, PD, and normal aging and that tau is a potent biomarker for AD.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Han, Fei& Perrin, Richard J.& Wang, Qing& Wang, Yong& Perlmutter, Joel S.& Morris, John C.…[et al.]. 2019. Neuroinflammation and Myelin Status in Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Normal Aging Brains: A Small Sample Study. Parkinson’s Disease،Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1207013
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Han, Fei…[et al.]. Neuroinflammation and Myelin Status in Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Normal Aging Brains: A Small Sample Study. Parkinson’s Disease No. 2019 (2019), pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1207013
American Medical Association (AMA)
Han, Fei& Perrin, Richard J.& Wang, Qing& Wang, Yong& Perlmutter, Joel S.& Morris, John C.…[et al.]. Neuroinflammation and Myelin Status in Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Normal Aging Brains: A Small Sample Study. Parkinson’s Disease. 2019. Vol. 2019, no. 2019, pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1207013
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1207013