صيغ المبالغة القياسية في القرآن الكريم بين الوظيفة الصرفية و السياق القرآني

Abstract EN

There are various viewpoints among linguists and the semantic exegeses scholars regarding the meanings which indicate the superlative degree as they are stated in poetry or in prose and those appeared in the Holy Koran.

This requires to resort to the grammatical rules in Arabic language or to reform the semantic meaning of this degree loaded with the religious belief.

However, this means that there is a disagreement between the religious theory and the linguistic theory, and it is possible to make a kind of adaptation between the two theories based on the variety in the semantic meaning which the superlative degree plays in Arabic.

This is because the structures in the Holy Koran are completely different in their semantic references, purposes and objectives from those in the Arabic language.

Verily, the Holy Koran is divine, and does not give way to the factors, the circumstances and the effects which the human products do in the different fields of the human knowledge, and among them the grammatical rules and systems in Arabic.

Consequently, the research in question has been directed to prove that the attributes of God, such as the patient, the thankful, the forgiving, are not superlative degrees, for they are not proper for Him, the Great and Almighty.

Verily, they are invariable, whereof these names of Allah or His attributes are not intended, when appeared in the Holy Koran, to semantically refer to the superlative degree.

In fact, they are just attributes to the names of Allah, or they are the effective features of the Great and Almighty.

There is no degree of superlative in the names of Allah or His attributes; they are rather expressions used to refer to invariability and requisite for His attributes and actions are His own.

As a result, the researcher has concluded from verses of Koran which semantically refer to this fact though these degrees are derived from the active participle to refer to the degree of superlative in the action of the active participle in quantity and quality.

However, it is possible to resort to the original or the secondary grammatical rule to find out whether the degree is related to the sacred Allah Himself, so it is secondary to the original and semantically referring to the invariability and requisite, or it is related to the actions of man, so it is original and semantically referring to degree of superlative.