Effect of nitrogenous and urea nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer on growth and yield of two cultivars of broad bean (Vicia Faba L.)‎

Abstract EN

This study was conducted to know the effect of nitrogenous and urea nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer on the growth and yield of two cultivars of broad bean (Vicia Faba L.) in the two autumn seasons (2018 and 2019).

The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with a split plots system and three replicates, the experiment included two factors.

The first (main) factor included the cultivars (Spanish Histal and Italian Aquadilge) and The second factor (secondary) included eight nitrogen fertilization treatments.

The results showed: The cultivars differed significantly in some growth traits, yield traits, and its components, where the Histal cultivar has excelled in the trait of the weight of 100 seeds in the autumn season 2018 which amounted to (38.1 g), and in the number of seeds per pod, and the length of the pod in the autumn season 2019 amounted to (22.7 cm, 5.7 pods).

While the Aguadulge cultivar has excelled in the trait of the chlorophyll content in leaves in the autumn season 2018 which amounted to (38.8 ?g.cm2 ), and in the trait of plant height, biological yield, number of pods in the plant, seed yield, and protein yield in the autumn season (2019) which amounted to (91.43 cm, 7.439 Mg.ha-1 , 15 pods.plant-1 , 2.331 Mg.ha-1 , 0.546 Mg.ha- ).

The nitrogen fertilization caused a significant increase in some growth and yield traits and their components in the autumn season 2018, where the concentration of the nano-fertilizer (150 ppm) gave the highest averages for the trait of the leaf area and the chlorophyll content in the leaves which amounted to (8598.5 cm2 , 45.3 μg.cm-2 ), while the concentration of the nano-fertilizer (75 ppm) gave the highest average in the traits of the biological yield, the number of pods per plant, and the seed yield amounted to (10.275 Mg.ha-1 , 19.6 pods.plant-1 , 2.825 Mg.ha-1 ), while the concentration of nano-fertilizer (225 ppm) gave the highest average for the traits of the plant height and the number of Pod per seed, pod length, the weight of 100 seed, and protein yield amounted to (86.7 cm, 5.6 pods.seed-1 , 24.4 cm, 40.77 g, 0.655 Mg.ha-1 ).

In the autumn season (2019), the concentration of nano fertilizer (150 ppm) has excelled by giving it the highest averages of chlorine content in leaves, biological yield, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod length, and seed yield which amounted to (445.0 μg.cm-2 , 7.815 Mg.ha-1 , 14.9 pods.plant-1 , 5.9 seed.pod-1 , 23.0 cm, 2.484 Mg.ha-1 ).

The concentration of nano-fertilizer (225 ppm) gave the highest average percentage of protein and the yield of protein amounted to (25.1%, 0.611 Mg.ha-1 ).

The interaction between nitrogen fertilization and cultivars was significant in some traits of growth and yield and its components for the autumn season (2018), where the interaction between Aguadulge cultivar and concentration of nitrogenous Nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer (150 ppm) gave the highest average in the trait of leaf area and leaves the content of chlorophyll which amounted to (8909.3 cm2 , 46.6 μg.ha-1 ).

while the interaction between the Histal cultivar and a concentration of the urea nano hydroxyapatite fertilizer (150 ppm) gave the highest average in the trait of plant height which amounted to (89.2 cm), and the interaction of the cultivar and a concentration of the nitrogenous nano hydroxyapatite fertilizer (75 ppm) has excelled in the traits of the bio-yield and the number of pods per plant (19.9 pods.plant-1 ).

As for the weight of 100 seeds, the highest average of this trait was at the interaction between the Aguadulge cultivar and a concentration of nitrogenous nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer (225 ppm) which amounted to (41.1 g).

In the autumn season (2019), the interaction between the Aguadulge cultivar and a concentration of 150 ppm gave the nitrogenous Nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer gave the highest significant average in the trait of the leaves content of chlorophyll which amounted to (46.6 μg.ha-1 ), while the highest average of leaf area has achieved at the interaction between the Aguadulge cultivar and the concentration of urea nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer (150 ppm) which amounted to (9125.5 cm2 ), and the highest significant average was achieved at the interaction between the Aguadulge cultivar and the concentration of nitrogenous nano-hydroxyapatite (225 ppm) in the traits of bio-yield and number of pods per plant, seed yield, and protein yield which amounted to (8.900 Mg.ha-1 , 16.6 pods.plants-1 , 2.689 Mg.ha-1 , 0.671 Mg.ha-1 ), while the highest significant average was achieved for the number of seeds per pod at the interaction between the Histal cultivar and a concentration of nitrogenous nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer (150 ppm) which amounted to (6.2 seeds.pod-1 ), and the interaction between the Aguadulge cultivar and an adding level of urea nano hydroxyapatite fertilizer (50 kg N.ha-1 ) gave the highest average weight of 100 seeds which amounted to (47.0 g).