تجارة الدخان بالمغرب خلال القرن التاسع عشر : مواقف العلماء و سياسة المخزن و موقع هولندا و موقفها

Abstract EN

During the nineteenth century, Morocco became the source of the ambitions of the European colonial powers, which harnessed all means and methods to subjugate it to its economic circle.

Therefore, the economic conditions of the country became disturbed, the military strength shattered, and the Makhzen power weakened andgrew unable to collect taxes from the tribes, leading to the exacerbation of consular protection and the protectors' tax evasion.

All of this was clearly reflected in the country’s treasury.

During this crisis, the settlers and jews engaged in smuggling, especially smuggling smoke, which spread all over the country, reaching by various social groups, and creating great controversy among the Moroccan scholars about its licit or forbidden nature.

And since this trade generated huge income for its traders, the Makhzen itself decided to monopolize the trade market and determined its prices, and at the same time it asked the representatives of European countries in Tangier, and the representatives of the Netherlands in particular, to work with it in full swing to stop the spread of the smuggled smoke trade.