دراسة مقارنة في التفاؤل و التشاؤم الرياضي لعدد من المدارس الحكومية و الأهلية لطلاب المرحلة الإعدادية في مدينة الموصل

Abstract EN

The two researchers discussed the introduction and significance of the research as well as the research problem that is identified by the lack of previous research and studies that address the importance of revealing the personal characteristics of students during the preparatory study period in addition to identifying the reality of the optimism and pessimism characteristic of preparatory school students in governmental and private schools in Nineveh Governorate .

The research aims to: 1- Identify the level of sports optimism for preparatory school students in public .

.schools 2- Identify the level of sports optimism among preparatory school students in private schools.

3- Compare the level of optimism among public and private school .

students The researchers used the descriptive method in the method of comparative studies, due to its suitability for nature of research problem.

As for the research sample, it consisted of (500) students, which included (250) students from public schools and (250) students from private schools students, from the research community who were chosen by random Simple method.

The research sample was limited to preparatory school students The researchers concluded the effectiveness of the sports optimism scale that the researchers used, and public school students are characterized by a high level in the sports optimism feature, while private school students are characterized by an average level in the sports optimism feature.

Moreover, there are significant differences in the level of sports optimism between students of public schools and private schools, and for the benefit of governmental schools.

The researchers recommended conducting a study to identify the relationship of sports optimism with other variables for preparatory school students, and to develop instructional programs for preparatory school students to develop the sports optimism feature.