القول الفصل في ردة عبيد الله بن جحش : دراسة تاريخية حديثية

Abstract EN

The research aims at inspecting the biographic narrations that reported the apostasy of Obaidullah bin Jahsh.

To provide a theoretical framework for the study, the researcher discussed in the introduction the concept of apostasy linguistically and conventionally, and who would the concept be applied to.

The researcher then divided his research into four sections: The first section introduced Obaidullah bin Jahsh through the biography of his life and proportions, and his closeness to the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه و سلم as his mother is the aunt of the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه و سلم The researcher also discussed the Islam of Obaidullah, and his emigration twice to Abyssinia with his wife, Umm Habiba, whom the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه و سلم married after him.

The researcher pointed, at the end of this section, to Obaidullah's death in Abyssinia.

The second section dealt with six narrations about the death of Obaidullah bin Jahsh in Abyssinia, indicating that the narrators’ chain of the first narration is linked, and the men in the chain are trustworthy, and that it is the narration of Abu Dawood, Addarkotni, Al Hakim, and Al Bayhaqi.

The second narration was narrated by Ahmad bin Hanbal, Ibn Abi Asim, Al Bayhaqi and At-Tabarani, and its narrators’ chain is less potent than the first.

The third narration came from Addarkotni and Ibn Abi Asim, and its men were trustworthy, as was the fourth narration reported by Ibn Hebban.

The fifth narration was reported by Ibn Sa'd and Al Hakim, in which some were not trustworthy.

The sixth narration is the one reported by a collective chain of several narrators.

The third section dealt with the narrators’ chain of the stories about the conversion of Obaidullah bin Jahsh to Christianity.

Ten narrations were inspected, most of which were unlinked, such as Al-Waqidi’s, Ibn Hisham’s, At-Tabari’s, Al-Hakim’s, Al Bayhaqi’s.

Most of the people mentioned in the chain were not trustworthy as in the Abu Naim’s narration.

In the fourth section, the researcher concluded that most of the narrations related to the death of Obaidullah bin Jahsh were mostly authentic, and that one of these narrations (namely: the fourth) indicated that Obaidullah bin Jahsh did not change his religion to Christianity, and that narration has a good chain of narrators.

The narrations that mentioned his apostasy were not free of defects: some of them had the defect in the chain; others had it in inserting non authentic information.

Therefore, his apostasy was not proven because of the defects that came so.

This conclusion is supported by the correct narrations about the marriage of the Prophet صلى الله عليه و سلم to Umm Habiba, the wife of Obaidullah bin Jahsh before.

The researcher concluded his research with the findings that the death of Obaidullah bin Jahsh was in Abyssinia, but the information about his conversion to Christianity was not proven by any valid narration.