النزعة البرجماتية في فلسفة شيشرون

Abstract EN

Although the term Pragmatism is commonly coined as a doctrine or philosophical tendency in the 19th century, until now, since its first appearance by Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), who summarized the concept of pragmatism as "the practical practice of thought.” throughout the ages.

The modern term Pragmatism is actually taken from the Greek word “φαααμα”, which means work, action or practice of an object, “πραγματικός”.

The researcher claims that the beginning of pragmatic philosophy has been associated with the beginning of the emergence of Sophism as a revolution against the dogmatic thought of the first and late naturalists, particularly the Metaphysics of Pythagoreans and Eliins.

Cicero stressed: "The truth exists, but it is hidden before us, and we cannot have the full right, because the mind cannot reach it, and cannot penetrate its depths; and therefore we must limit ourselves to trying to get as close to the truth as possible through probability.” In this paper, the researcher presents the term according to Cicero, who is one of the most prominent figure among both Greek and Roman philosophers.

He is also one of the first philosophers to associate the term pragmatism with morality and politics.

In that connection, We find him closer to the idealists in his speech about practical morality that aims at rejecting the public good, rejecting the principle of private interest and selfishness.

In politics, Cicero is closer to Greek philosophers in their respect for laws and their refusal to go against them.

Such an effect can be perceived in Cicero’s conscious reading of the platonic dialogues: “The Republic” and “The Laws”.

However, he practiced politics and was affected by its different attitudes.