الأهمية الجغرافية السياسية لإقليم أرض الصومال

Abstract EN

Somaliland is located in the Horn of Africa, in the northwest of the Republic of Somalia.

It shares borders with the Gulf of Aden from the north, Federal Ethiopia from the south and southwest, Puntland Region in the Republic of Somalia from the east, and Djibouti from the northwest.

Historically, Somaliland was declared protectorate in 1887 after signing the treaties between Great Britain and the various tribes of Somaliland.

In 1960, the Protectorate became an independent sovereign state known as the "State of Somaliland".

Five days after the declaration of the establishment of the state, Somaliland united with Somalia (the former Italian protectorate), and the union process resulted in the Republic of Somalia.

The duration of the union had witnessed a kind of tension in the relations between the federal Somali Government and the people of Somaliland.

This tension continued until the fall of the ruling regimen in 1991.

One of the results of this collapse was Somaliland's announcement of its withdrawal from the union with Somalia and the restoration of its independence.

The research drew several conclusions, including that the geographical location of Somaliland occupies a strategic importance stemming from the strategic importance of the Red Sea and the Bab Al-Mandab Strait, and this is what made it a region of competition and influence for regional and international countries in the Horn of Africa, and Somaliland has natural geographic components that can constitute the main economic resource on which the region’s national income depends, which motivated its politicians to declare secession from the Republic of Somalia.