الآراميون في جنوب بلاد وادي الرافدين

Abstract EN

Aramaeans are one of the ancient peoples who migrated from Arabian Peninsula to the fertile Crescent, and who were called (Semites) by western scholars .

These scholars agreed that Aramaeans were referred to for the first time in Assyrian texts from the fourteenth century B.C.

by the name Ahlamu.

After their settlement in cities, they were reffered to as Aramu.

Aramaeans lived in large areas of Syria and north-west of Iraq.

The change of the political situation in the ancient east around 1200 B.C., which resulted in dislocation and political vacuum in Syria enabled the Aramaeans to appear as an influential element in the political arena.

Since the eleventh century B.C.

, some Aramaean Tribes migrated to the south along the Euphrates and Tigris .

Their political impact was so strong that they usurped the throne of Babylonia.

Since the beginning of the tenth century, they established many states or small kingdoms.

The most important ones were Zoba and Bet-Rehub in Lebanon, and Damascus, Hamath, Arpad, Sam'al, and Bet-Adini in Syria.

From eighth century onwards because of Assyrian campaigns , some Aramaeans migrated to south Mesopotamia .

They settled there with their close relative the Kaldians around Babylon and South of it towards Arabian gulf.

The conflict of the Aramaeans and Kaldians against Assyrians in the south was nearly continual till they controlled Babylon and ruled the whole area for nearly a century.