قياس و تحليل اقتصاد الظل في واقع الاقتصاد العراقي للمدة (1995-2019)‎

Abstract EN

This research dealt with the measurement and analysis of the shadow economy in the reality of the Iraqi economy for the period (1995-2019), as the shadow economy has an important role in influencing the application of optimal economic policies, which reflect the economic conditions that the country is going through, and with the presence of the shadow economy that affects the real data, as it is The gross domestic product is much greater than the level recorded in the official statistics, and thus hinders development and economic growth.

The research was based on the analytical method, which is based on the inductive and deductive methods, , by analyzing the development of data on research variables for a time series and measuring and analyzing the phenomenon of the shadow economy and its development during the research period, and with the increase in the activities of the shadow economy, it leads to imbalances directly in the reserves of foreign currencies available under the control of the monetary authority represented by the Central Bank, which is used to achieve stability the economy through the exchange rate tool or support the local industry and increase confidence in local work, There is an important relationship between the emergence of the shadow economyunfair political systems and corruption, financial and administrative, as the availability of these reasons leads to unfair economic and social systems that push individuals and establishments to manipulate accounts, as well as corruption that exacerbates economic problems in all its forms and thus replaces the official economy with one the shadow.