حقيقة العهود بين المسلمين و اليهود في المدينة المنورة (1-5 هـ)‎ و دلائل نقضها من خلال اقوال اليهود في المصادر العربية و الإسلامية

Abstract EN

There were different views regarding the reality of bonds between the Muslims and the Jewish in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah (1-5 A.

H) for the lack of information in the historical resources.

What had been found were only brief clarifications about the relationship among the parts of the city with each other without a clear resource to support this reality.

Also, what had been mentioned by resources regarding those bonds such as Al-Madinah journal was only an announcement from one party.

Where there were no signing parties, no writer name, no date, and even the Madinah journal didn't publish to any of the Jewish tribes with its proper name and this supports that it was an announcement by the messenger Muhammad (PBUH).

Although the bonds between the Muslims and the jewish tribes were exist, each tribe had its own bond.

This had been asserted by the situations and events.

The beginning of that was at the killing of Ka'ab bin Al-Ashraf with a command from prophet Muhammad (PBUH).

The jews were fully angry and regarded it a breaking of the bond with Muhammad (PBUH).

But the latter considered him an insurgent against the bond.

Also, he warned them of breaking the bond or else their fate would be the same of Ka'ab bin Al- Ashraf.

Qaynuqa'a was the first tribe who broke the bond and Al-Nadheer followed it.

Their leaders clarified the nature of their bonds with the Muslims when the Muslims sieged them after breaking the bond, therefore they confirmed those bonds and broke them for different reasons.

While Quraydha's break was considered a great betrayal for they were a great danger on Islam which threatened the inner front of Madinah.

Their leader Ka'ab bin Asad spoke about this betrayal and handed the bond to Hayee bin Akhtab who torn it.

He also insisted to break with muslims and finally Quraydha was punished for their doing and deeds which had been clarified by the resources.