تأثير التسوية الليزرية للأرض و الحراثة و التصريف في الاستهلاك المائي الفعلي و الحاصل و انعكاس ذلك في الجدوى الاقتصادية لإنتاج محصول الحنطة (Triticum Aestivum L.)‎

Abstract EN

An experiment was conducted on the field of the national program for wheat development in Iraq/The Ministry of Agriculture in the Al-Rashid/Adwaniyah region, located on latitude 33° 13' 93.59" N, and longitude 44° 37' 91.37" E, at an altitude of 31 m above MSL, during the autumn season of the year 2018 AD to know the effect of laser land leveling, tillage and discharge on actual water consumption and yield and reflection in the economic feasibility of wheat crop production.

The experiment consisted of three treatments.

The first was the slope percentage of the soil surface leveling, with three levels: the conventional leveling (L0), the leveling with the slope percentage of 0.15% (L1), and the leveling with the slope percentage of 0.30% (L2).

The second factor was the tillage equipment with two levels: the mold board plow (T1) and the chisel plow (T2).

The third factor was the discharge rate and with two levels: discharge rate of 16 L sec-1 (Q1), and discharge rate of 24 L sec-1 (Q2).

The experiment was designed according to Randomized Complete Desig RCBD with three replicates.

Cultivation of wheat seeds was done with an amount of 140 kg ha-1 class of Aba' 99 on 5/12/2018 Gravimetric method was adopted for measuring soil moisture and determining the depth of the added water according to the root depth of the crop.

The most important results obtained can be summarized as follows: The L0 level recorded the highest irrigation water depth and a change in the depth of soil water storage and the highest actual water consumption depth of 352.38, -56.39 and 422.99 mm, respectively.

The T2 level recorded the highest irrigation water depth and a change in the depth of soil water storage and the highest actual water consumption depth of 391.50, -65.12, and 453.38 mm, respectively.

The Q2 level recorded the highest irrigation water depth and a change in the depth of soil water storage and the highest actual water consumption depth of 339.65, - 55.00 and 411.65 mm, respectively.

Economic feasibility indicators (total productivity in 2019 & 2020, with productivity index & productivity change, efficiency, effectiveness in 2019 & 2020 and profit in 2019 & 2020) recorded the highest values with leveling slope percentage treatment, with L1 level 4.243818 IQD IQD-1 ha-1 and 9.205251 IQD IQD-1 ha-1, 218.0527% , 118.0527% , 114.2282% , 424.3819% , 920.5251% , 4, 049, 042 IQD ha-1 and 4, 729, 497 IQD ha-1, respectively.

With tillage equipment treatment, with T2 level recorded highest economic feasibility indicators of 3.733467 IQD IQD-1 ha-1, 7, 941, 896 IQD IQD-1 ha-1, 213.5909% , 113.5909% , 100.5466% , 373.3467% , 794.1896% , 3, 411, 343 IQD ha-1 and 4, 080, 481 IQD ha-1, respectively.

With discharge rate treatment, with Q1 the level recorded highest economic feasibility indicators of 4.098154 IQD IQD-1 ha-1 8, 286, 105 IQD IQD-1 ha-1, 201.7591% , 101.7591% , 105.2260% , 409.8154% , 828.6105% , and 3, 694, 179 IQD ha-1 and 4, 295, 523 IQD ha-1, respectively.