التواصل الجيوستراتيجي و الثقافي بين دول إفريقيا جنوب الصحراء 1320-1679 م

Abstract EN

the study aiming at illustrating of geostrategic interconnection, cultural, and social aspects among Africa countries south the Sahara desert with focus on the factors that motivating to that interconnection represented in geographical, social and the religious in the light of aspects of Islamic support and collaboration that possible with the nations of African kingdoms south the Sahara desert, perhaps the strongest relationship that stimulate support and solidarity is the relationship of religious which revealed spreading Islam movement and following the accelerated development in Africa south of the Sahara desert that crowned by foundation of important cultural centers that present significant roles in the process of fertilizing intellectual and the geostrategic in the area.

the main results : -Arabic immigrations arriving from north east influenced the demographic formation for the counties south the desert.

-actualized by commercial caravan through the Sahara desert is the first connection between north and the south of it in the beginning of 19th where the period witnessed foundation of empires of central centuries such as : Ghana, Mali, and Sangei in the west area of Sudan.

-appearance of Islamic and commercial centers and establishing of Arabic political beings in the countries of south the desert and beings east beings which called countries of Islamic model.

whereas, in the west the belt of sudanese kingdoms appeared such as: Sinar Islamic sultanate, Mosbaat, Darfur, Waddai, Kanim, and the two kingdoms of Ghana and Mali then Sukuto succession.

-appearance of language and linguistic Arabizing has indication, that it made the nations in the area satisfied with its deep cultural relationship in the brotherhood of religion.

-the commercial roads that Islam spread through them were triangle of melting pot of connection between Muslims in far areas of Africa with Islamic political and cultural centers in the Islamic world.

the influence of scientists and the fame of Muslim kings reinforced the place of Islamic religion.

: 1-Africa south the desert in the writings of Arab travelers.

2- observations and memories of Abu Alhassana Wazan (luealafrigi) about Africa south the desert.

3-The phenomenon of colonialism in Africa and its effect on Arabic.

4-Islamicculture.

a case study of African kingdoms south the desert.