الأوضاع العمالية العثمانية أثناء الحرب العالمية الأولى 1914 - 1920 : الأناضول و مصر و العراق أنموذجا

Abstract EN

The First World War forced a fundamental change in the economies of the Middle East, as in all other countries of the warring world, forcing the restoration of workers' relations in the state.

When young people were recruited away from farms and workshops, workers were employed in military factories in strict conditions or were forced to work by the state in construction, ports, mines and railway construction.

And because military employment created a shortage of labor, which led to the entry of women as alternative labor force in ever-increasing numbers, especially in the Ottoman Empire.

After the end of the war, workers' distress erupted in a wave of strikes and protests that contributed to political upheaval.