آثار جائحة فيروس كوفيد-19 على سلاسل الإمدادت البحرية و الكفاءة التكنولوجية و إنتاج حاصلات الثوم في مصر : دراسة حالة في محافظة المنوفية

Abstract EN

The global economic recovery has gained some momentum - after the Covid-19 pandemic - but it is increasingly clear that it will be hampered.

This is due to the supply chain disruptions that are evident in all economic aspects and angles.

With border controls and restrictions on movement, the lack of a global permit for the vaccine, the pent-up demand resulting from the quarantine, and the lack of energy supplies, we can’t fail to see them combine with each other to form factors that disrupt global production.

Because of untimely shipments, supplies and deliveries, costs and prices will rise at an ever-increasing pace, economic stagnation and inflation, and worldwide GDP growth will not be robust as a result.

Despite the global trend to increase consumption rates of the garlic crop, due to its medical and preventive uses, to succumb to the Covid-19 virus, we note a decrease in the cultivated area and the exported quantity of garlic in a way that is not commensurate with the rise in international prices.

Where the export price per ton of garlic amounted to about 782, 3003 dollars, respectively, and the amount of exports decreased in a way that is not commensurate with the global demand for this crop, as the amount of exports amounted to about 36.4 and 12.69 thousand tons for the years 2019 and 2020, respectively.

The inconsistency of all these indicators and measurements may be attributed to two main reasons: (1) the emergence of the Covid-19 virus and the negative effects on the employment sector in Egyptian agriculture in general and the cultivation of garlic in particular, which may affect the cultivated area in the latter.

(2) Disruption of shipping and supply movements due to the Covid-19 pandemic, and its effects on maritime labor in addition to the suffocation of ports, which reduces two factors during shipping, namely the unloading process and the total number of shipping vessels through the ports.

Which may affect the amount of Egyptian exports of garlic.

On the other hand, despite the fact that the Covid-19 virus has negatively affected the employment in the agricultural sector as a whole, which is used in the lands cultivated with garlic.

However, the technical efficiency according to the concept of fixed return to capacity averaged about 82.3%, while for the concept of variable return to capacity, it averaged about 96.2%.

The average distributional efficiency according to the concept of fixed return to capacity was about 58.9%, according to the concept of variable return to capacity, about 53.8%.

As for the economic efficiency, its average according to the concept of fixed return to capacity was about 49.6%, while the average of that efficiency according to the concept of variable return to capacity was about 50.4%.

As for the obvious, what the major global sectors have not learned is to diversify the sources of manufacturing.

This was demonstrated by the European Union, which announced in May of 2021 a plan to reduce its dependence on China.

In light of global growth indicators, Egypt can turn as a factory for the world, with its distinguished geographic location and the sea-ports it owns.