التفاؤل المتعلم لدى الموظفين بالأجر اليومي في جامعة ذي قار

Abstract EN

The current research aims at identifying learned optimism emptiness of employees of daily wages as well as identify the differences according to variable gender, specialization and marital status.

for this purpose, descriptive methodology was utilized on a sample of 400 male/female employees of daily wages at university of Thi-Qar.

to achieve research objectives, a scale for learned optimism was constructed; and reliability and validity were considered.

for statistical analysis, t-test for one and two independent samples was utilized.

moreover, there were no statistically significant differences in learned optimism according to gender, specialization and marital status.