وهم التفوق في بنية الشخصيات الشكسبيرية: دراسة نقدية سيكولوجية: مسرحية الملك لير انموذجا

Abstract EN

The theater in general and the text or theatrical performance in particular have the characteristic of confrontation and revealing many mysteries related to the environment, society and changing events in all aspects of life.

it also presents a variety of different personalities that seek to remove confusion and ambiguity through the circle of their relationships and their behavior, as "the illusion of superiority", one of the psychosocial behaviors experienced by theatrical characters, and here it is necessary to stand and contemplate for a long time then to know the reasons for that illusion and the effects it leaves on the individual and society.

David dunning, the author of "the illusion of superiority", pointed out that the knowledge and necessary skills to be good at a task consider the same as the skills which a person needs to realize that he is not good at that task, so if a person lacks these abilities, he will not only remain bad at that task, but will be ignorant of his inability as well.

(the researcher) tried to work on the term "the illusion of superiority" in a try to deciphering the codes of some characters in Shakespearean plays, to highlight, interpret and analyse them in accordance with these psychological and social behavioural concepts, in order to arrive at real indicators that are grounds for their aggressive or misguided behaviour or inability to make the appropriate decision.

as some personalities are unable to recognize the lack of their skills and errors, which is a major problem, dunning pointed out and emphasized that the deficit in skills and experience creates a two-fold problem, which is as follows: 1.

these deficits result in people underperforming in the domain in which they are incompetent.

2.

their erroneous and short knowledge makes them unable to realize their mistakes.

the dunning-Kruger effect is one of many cognitive biases that can affect the behavior and decisions of a character, including theatrical characters in general and Shakespearean characters in particular, therefore it affects everyone and not only on the character itself in the event that it has some authority or influence on others or even on itself, as the reasons for the concept were examined regarding to "the illusion of superiority" in Shakespearean characters and their impact on other personalities and the course of events.