التمويل بصيغة المشاركة، الواقع و آليات التطوير : دراسة ميدانية على عينة من المصارف الإسلامية في اليمن و السعودية

Abstract EN

This study aims at identifying the reality of funding in the form of Musharakah in a sample of Saudi and Yemeni Islamic banks.

The method of the descriptive analysis was used in order to analyze the reality of funding in the form of Musharakah in Islamic banks based on the published reports for the period 2010-2019.

In addition, a questionnaire was distributed to a non-random sample of 112 of funding bank experts, and researchers in Islamic bank funding, to find out the reasons of the poor application of the Musharaka formula in funding, and the mechanisms of their improvement.

The descriptive analysis of the financial reports concluded that there is a complete ence of the Musharakah formula in Al-Rajhi Bank.

As for Al-Tadhamon Bank and Saba Bank of Yemen, it appeared very weak and sporadic; it ranged between 0.70% - 5.20% in Al-Tadhamon Bank and in Saba Bank between 0.17% - 0.30% of the volume of funding and investment.

In the field study, eleven reasons for the poor application of the Musharakah formula (out of 14 reasons) obtained an overall average 3.72 out of 5; four statements of the proposed mechanisms for developing the application of the continuous Musharaka formula obtained an overall average of 4.47 out of 5 at a level of significance of "very useful".

An overall average 4.41 out of 5 with a level of significance of "very useful" was obtained from the other three statements of proposed mechanisms for developing the application of the formula of diminishing participating that leads to ownership and the deal participation.

It refers to the Musharakah of clients who have significant shares or contributions to the project, and who have good reputation and sufficient experience; it is also necessary to monitor and audit the company's accounts periodically.

Based on the results of the study, the researcher recommended the need for the central banks in these two countries to intervene in order to oblige Islamic banks to allocate funding rates for Musharaka formulas in compliance with their establishment laws and regulations.